【relation】mass-metallicity relation for galaxies

From Erb's PPT (http://www2.astro.psu.edu/~caryl/a597/Bin_metallicity.pdf)

The simple interpretation for the mass- dependence is a metal loss via galactic winds, where galaxies with shallow potential well have more efficient outflows.

The scatter observed in the MZ relation is correlated with other physical properties. These correlations provide clues to the origin of the MZ relation. 

Deeper targeted surveys have extended the mass-metallicity relation to red- shifts of ∼1 (Savaglio et al. 2005), ∼2 (Erb et al. 2006), and ∼3 (Maiolino et al. 2008), and show that for a given stellar mass, galaxies have lower metallicities at increasing redshifts. [Christensen et al. 2014. He use the relation to obtain the mass of DLA galaxies using the DLA metallicity and DLA galaxy impact parameters.]

Zahid et al. 2014 defined the "turnover mass" in the mass-Z relation, and found that the "turnover mass" revolves with redshift from local to z~1.6.

I list some paper about the relation and will give a simple review for this relations sometime.
     CHEMICAL EVOLUTION OF THE ISM IN NEARBY GALAXIES

4.2. The Metallicity-Luminosity Relationship

The Universal Relation of Galactic Chemical Evolution: The Origin of the Mass-Metallicity Relation (Zahid 2014)

The MZ relation was first observed in a small sample of nearby galaxies by Lequeux et al. (1979). They showed that galaxy metallicity increases with stellar mass. Sub- sequently, Tremonti et al. (2004) measure the MZ rela- tion of ∼ 50, 000 star-forming galaxies in the local Uni- verse. They find a tight MZ relation (∼0.1 dex scatter) extending over three orders of magnitude in stellar mass. 

Mass-metallicity relation from z=5 to the present: Evidence for a transition in the mode of galaxy growth at z=2.6 due to the end of sustained primordial gas infall (P. Moller 2013)

Evolution of the Stellar Mass-Metallicity Relation Since z=0.75 (John Moustakas 2011)